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| REFILE-Plans for EU gas flows to Ukraine could be blocked by Russia - Reuters Posted: 07 Apr 2014 09:13 AM PDT (Refiles to insert dropped word from first paragraph) * Reverse flows technically possible * Slovakia has biggest capacity to pump EU gas to Ukraine * Gazprom has raised legal doubts over reverse flows * Reverse flows in use in EU for over a decade By Alexander Winning LONDON, April 7 (Reuters) - Reverse flows of natural gas from Europe to Ukraine to help it handle Russian price increases and supply cuts would be possible within hours once the infrastructure is in place, but the flows could require approval from Russia's Gazprom first. Ukraine is in emergency talks with the EU on importing gas from the West, pumping gas in the opposite direction to the original design of the pipelines, following a leap in the price Gazprom charges it for supplies. Relations between Ukraine and Russia have been in crisis since popular protests in Kiev ousted pro-Russian president Viktor Yanukovich in February, after which Russia seized Ukraine's Crimea region and formally annexed it last month. Slovakia is the EU's best-placed country to pump gas to Ukraine should Russia cut supplies, but reversing flows along any of the four pipelines that take Russian gas to Slovakia via Ukraine would breach the terms of its contracts with state-controlled Gazprom, a spokesman for Slovak pipeline operator Eustream said. "For a reverse flow, you would have to stop the East-West flow in one of the (four) pipelines and reverse the flow. But you would have to have approval from Gazprom," the spokesman said. "Gazprom does not agree with this (reverse flows), and thus it's not an option," he added. Gazprom Chief Executive Alexei Miller raised questions about the legality of reversing gas flows to Ukraine in an interview aired on Russian state television on Saturday. Gazprom would be able to monitor whether gas is being re-exported to Ukraine because Slovakia would have to build a metering station before reverse flows can start. Officials from Norway and The Netherlands, other large gas suppliers, have already said they would be unable to supply Ukraine and other European countries with substantial amounts of gas in the event of a Russian supply cut. An industry source earlier told Reuters that the cost of building the metering station in Slovakia and making some minor technical adjustments was about 20 million euros ($27 million) and would take nine months to complete. Slovakia is looking at the option of pumping around 10 billion cubic metres (bcm) of gas per year to Ukraine, enough to meet around 18 percent of Ukrainian demand, the Eustream spokesman said. Eustream said it was working with Ukrainian pipeline operator Ukrtransgas to try to ensure that reverse flows could start by the winter, when demand for gas peaks. It has already built a compressor station to drive gas eastward. Previous gas crises have disrupted Russian supplies to Ukraine, a major transit route for Russian gas, and interrupted onward flows to Europe. TECHNICALLY POSSIBLE EU member states have been reversing gas flows between themselves for more than a decade, and the European gas transmission network is now closely integrated. Fluxys Belgium, which operates gas transmission infrastructure and storage facilities, has been able to reverse gas flows since 1998, when the Interconnector pipeline opened between Bacton in Britain and Zeebrugge in Belgium. "Most of our interconnection points, including the Interconnector Zeebrugge Terminal, can be switched from import to export and vice-versa," a Fluxys spokesman said. "It's just a question of a couple of hours before you can switch from one to the other direction." Before it was able to reverse flows, Fluxys had to link up an existing pipeline to a compressor station to change the pressure of the gas and install a mechanism similar to a valve that monitors the flow of gas in the reverse direction. Gas is driven through a pipeline by a pressure gradient, moving from an area of high pressure to one of low pressure, so for flows to be reversed, the end of the pipeline with high pressure and the one with low pressure must be switched. Before that can take place, flows in the original direction must be halted for several hours. ($1 = 0.7303 Euros) (Additional reporting by Martin Santa in Brussels and Michael Kahn in Prague; Editing by Henning Gloystein and Will Waterman) |
| Pistorius apologizes, sobs through testimony at murder trial - Fox News Posted: 07 Apr 2014 09:26 AM PDT PRETORIA, South Africa – Stifling sobs, Oscar Pistorius took the witness stand Monday in his murder trial and apologized to the family of the girlfriend he shot dead, describing himself as traumatized and now on antidepressant medication, and sometimes waking from nightmares to the "smell of blood. Pistorius' voice quavered so much and was so low at the start of his testimony that Judge Thokozile Masipa asked him to speak up as, standing and addressing a packed courtroom, he talked of his remorse for having killed Reeva Steenkamp on Feb. 14, 2013. Pistorius said he mistook her for an intruder when he fired four times through a locked toilet stall door in his home. Prosecutors said the double-amputee Olympian shot his lover as she screamed in terror after they had an argument in the pre-dawn hours of Valentine's Day. "There hasn't been a moment since this tragedy happened that I haven't thought about your family," the star athlete said as Steenkamp's mother, June, looked straight at him in the courtroom, stone-faced. "I wake up every morning and you're the first people I think of, the first people I pray for ... I was simply trying to protect Reeva. I can promise that when she went to bed that night she felt loved," Pistorius said after asking for permission to make the apology at the start of his testimony. Prosecutors allege Pistorius, 27, murdered the 29-year-old model with premeditation by shooting her in the head, arm and hip after an argument and have sought to paint him as a hothead with an inflated sense of entitlement and an obsession with firearms. Attempting to counter that, defense lawyer Barry Roux led Pistorius through an account of his life, with Pistorius describing some of the hardships he faced after having his lower legs amputated as a baby, the positive role of his mother, Sheila, and his grief when she died when Pistorius was a teenager. Pistorius also spoke about the sacrifices he had made for his athletics achievements, his work with charity and how religion was important to him. The accounts contrasted with that of prosecutors who, through witness testimony, have painted a dramatically different picture of Pistorius, a man they say was often angry, who cheated on a former girlfriend and who shot a gun out of a moving car in 2012 after an altercation with police and then laughed about it. Pistorius said he has been taking medication since the week after he killed Steenkamp and has trouble sleeping. He described one night when he went to hide in a closet after waking up in "a panic." "I climbed into a cupboard and I phoned my sister to come and sit by me, which she did for a while," Pistorius said. His testimony on day 17 of his trial in Pretoria came on the same day his defense opened its case. Legal experts said it was crucial to his case that he testify to explain why he shot Steenkamp. Pistorius faces 25 years to life in prison if convicted of premeditated murder for Steenkamp's killing. His voice broke again and he struggled to speak when he described how Steenkamp was "a blessing" in his life. Yet in cellphone messages revealed by the prosecution, Steenkamp had once said that Pistorius scared her. Apart from his emotional apology at the start, Pistorius didn't directly address the killing of Steenkamp. He will return Tuesday to continue testifying after the judge granted an adjournment because she said Pistorius looked "exhausted." Pistorius said he hadn't slept the night before. "I'm just very tired at the moment .... I think it's a lot of things going through my mind," Pistorius said. "The weight of this is extremely overbearing." Pistorius' testimony also addressed previous instances of crime that affected the runner and how he felt vulnerable because of them, an attempt to explain his claim that he reacted to what he thought was a dangerous intruder in his bathroom by shooting his 9 mm pistol. He described how his family had "security concerns" when he was young and his mother slept with a gun under a pillow on her bed. Pistorius said his family had been targeted by criminals over the years, citing incidents of house break-ins and carjackings, and said he had sometimes been followed by unidentified people while driving home. Pistorius also referred to an incident in which he was allegedly assaulted at a social function in late 2012 and had to have stitches on the back of his head. At the start, Pistorius spoke in a soft, shaky voice while making his apology and describing what he said was his fragile state. Later, he grew more settled and confident as Roux led him through the questions about his childhood, his family, his track career and how he overcame his disability to run at top track meets. Pistorius's life story is one that impressed many people around the world, before he killed Steenkamp. He was also asked by Roux to talk about a 2009 boat crash when he suffered serious facial injuries. He said the accident had a "massive impact," and that it made him become fearful, withdrawn, more vigilant about personal safety and more focused on his running. Prosecutors have provided a contrasting picture of Pistorius, with evidence indicating that he had been reckless with firearms in public and asked a friend to take the blame for him when a gun fired under a table in a busy restaurant while he was handling it weeks before he killed Steenkamp. |
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